/*- * Copyright (c) 1983, 1991 The Regents of the University of California. * All rights reserved. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the University of * California, Berkeley and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #ifndef lint static char sccsid[] = "@(#)alloc.c 5.8 (Berkeley) 6/8/91"; #endif /* not lint */ /* * tc.alloc.c from malloc.c (Caltech) 2/21/82 * Chris Kingsley, kingsley@cit-20. * * This is a very fast storage allocator. It allocates blocks of a small * number of different sizes, and keeps free lists of each size. Blocks that * don't exactly fit are passed up to the next larger size. In this * implementation, the available sizes are 2^n-4 (or 2^n-12) bytes long. * This is designed for use in a program that uses vast quantities of memory, * but bombs when it runs out. */ #include #include #include #if __STDC__ # include #else # include #endif #include "csh.h" #include "extern.h" char *memtop = NULL; /* PWP: top of current memory */ char *membot = NULL; /* PWP: bottom of allocatable memory */ #ifndef SYSMALLOC #undef RCHECK #undef DEBUG #ifndef NULL #define NULL 0 #endif /* * The overhead on a block is at least 4 bytes. When free, this space * contains a pointer to the next free block, and the bottom two bits must * be zero. When in use, the first byte is set to MAGIC, and the second * byte is the size index. The remaining bytes are for alignment. * If range checking is enabled and the size of the block fits * in two bytes, then the top two bytes hold the size of the requested block * plus the range checking words, and the header word MINUS ONE. */ #define ROUNDUP 7 #define ALIGN(a) (((a) + ROUNDUP) & ~ROUNDUP) union overhead { union overhead *ov_next; /* when free */ struct { u_char ovu_magic; /* magic number */ u_char ovu_index; /* bucket # */ #ifdef RCHECK u_short ovu_size; /* actual block size */ u_int ovu_rmagic; /* range magic number */ #endif } ovu; #define ov_magic ovu.ovu_magic #define ov_index ovu.ovu_index #define ov_size ovu.ovu_size #define ov_rmagic ovu.ovu_rmagic }; #define MAGIC 0xfd /* magic # on accounting info */ #define RMAGIC 0x55555555 /* magic # on range info */ #ifdef RCHECK #define RSLOP sizeof (u_int) #else #define RSLOP 0 #endif /* * nextf[i] is the pointer to the next free block of size 2^(i+3). The * smallest allocatable block is 8 bytes. The overhead information * precedes the data area returned to the user. */ #define NBUCKETS 30 static union overhead *nextf[NBUCKETS]; static int findbucket __P((union overhead *, int)); static void morecore __P((int)); /* * nmalloc[i] is the difference between the number of mallocs and frees * for a given block size. */ static u_int nmalloc[NBUCKETS]; #ifdef DEBUG #define CHECK(a, str, p) \ if (a) { \ xprintf(str, p); \ xprintf("memtop = %lx membot = %lx.\n", memtop, membot); \ abort(); \ } \ else #else #define CHECK(a, str, p) \ if (a) { \ xprintf(str, p); \ xprintf("memtop = %lx membot = %lx.\n", memtop, membot); \ return; \ } \ else #endif ptr_t malloc(nbytes) register size_t nbytes; { #ifndef lint register union overhead *p; register int bucket = 0; register unsigned shiftr; /* * Convert amount of memory requested into closest block size stored in * hash buckets which satisfies request. Account for space used per block * for accounting. */ nbytes = ALIGN(ALIGN(sizeof(union overhead)) + nbytes + RSLOP); shiftr = (nbytes - 1) >> 2; /* apart from this loop, this is O(1) */ while (shiftr >>= 1) bucket++; /* * If nothing in hash bucket right now, request more memory from the * system. */ if (nextf[bucket] == NULL) morecore(bucket); if ((p = (union overhead *) nextf[bucket]) == NULL) { child++; #ifndef DEBUG stderror(ERR_NOMEM); #else showall(); xprintf("nbytes=%d: Out of memory\n", nbytes); abort(); #endif /* fool lint */ return ((ptr_t) 0); } /* remove from linked list */ nextf[bucket] = nextf[bucket]->ov_next; p->ov_magic = MAGIC; p->ov_index = bucket; nmalloc[bucket]++; #ifdef RCHECK /* * Record allocated size of block and bound space with magic numbers. */ if (nbytes <= 0x10000) p->ov_size = nbytes - 1; p->ov_rmagic = RMAGIC; *((u_int *) (((caddr_t) p) + nbytes - RSLOP)) = RMAGIC; #endif return ((ptr_t) (((caddr_t) p) + ALIGN(sizeof(union overhead)))); #else if (nbytes) return ((ptr_t) 0); else return ((ptr_t) 0); #endif /* !lint */ } #ifndef lint /* * Allocate more memory to the indicated bucket. */ static void morecore(bucket) register int bucket; { register union overhead *op; register int rnu; /* 2^rnu bytes will be requested */ register int nblks; /* become nblks blocks of the desired size */ register int siz; if (nextf[bucket]) return; /* * Insure memory is allocated on a page boundary. Should make getpageize * call? */ op = (union overhead *) sbrk(0); memtop = (char *) op; if (membot == NULL) membot = memtop; if ((int) op & 0x3ff) { memtop = (char *) sbrk(1024 - ((int) op & 0x3ff)); memtop += 1024 - ((int) op & 0x3ff); } /* take 2k unless the block is bigger than that */ rnu = (bucket <= 8) ? 11 : bucket + 3; nblks = 1 << (rnu - (bucket + 3)); /* how many blocks to get */ if (rnu < bucket) rnu = bucket; memtop = (char *) sbrk(1 << rnu); /* PWP */ op = (union overhead *) memtop; memtop += 1 << rnu; /* no more room! */ if ((int) op == -1) return; /* * Round up to minimum allocation size boundary and deduct from block count * to reflect. */ if (((u_int) op) & ROUNDUP) { op = (union overhead *) (((u_int) op + (ROUNDUP + 1)) & ~ROUNDUP); nblks--; } /* * Add new memory allocated to that on free list for this hash bucket. */ nextf[bucket] = op; siz = 1 << (bucket + 3); while (--nblks > 0) { op->ov_next = (union overhead *) (((caddr_t) op) + siz); op = (union overhead *) (((caddr_t) op) + siz); } } #endif #ifdef sun int #else void #endif free(cp) ptr_t cp; { #ifndef lint register int size; register union overhead *op; if (cp == NULL) return; CHECK(!memtop || !membot, "free(%lx) called before any allocations.", cp); CHECK(cp > (ptr_t) memtop, "free(%lx) above top of memory.", cp); CHECK(cp < (ptr_t) membot, "free(%lx) above top of memory.", cp); op = (union overhead *) (((caddr_t) cp) - ALIGN(sizeof(union overhead))); CHECK(op->ov_magic != MAGIC, "free(%lx) bad block.", cp); #ifdef RCHECK if (op->ov_index <= 13) CHECK(*(u_int *) ((caddr_t) op + op->ov_size + 1 - RSLOP) != RMAGIC, "free(%lx) bad range check.", cp); #endif CHECK(op->ov_index >= NBUCKETS, "free(%lx) bad block index.", cp); size = op->ov_index; op->ov_next = nextf[size]; nextf[size] = op; nmalloc[size]--; #else if (cp == NULL) return; #endif } ptr_t calloc(i, j) size_t i, j; { #ifndef lint register char *cp, *scp; i *= j; scp = cp = (char *) xmalloc((size_t) i); if (i != 0) do *cp++ = 0; while (--i); return (scp); #else if (i && j) return ((ptr_t) 0); else return ((ptr_t) 0); #endif } /* * When a program attempts "storage compaction" as mentioned in the * old malloc man page, it realloc's an already freed block. Usually * this is the last block it freed; occasionally it might be farther * back. We have to search all the free lists for the block in order * to determine its bucket: 1st we make one pass thru the lists * checking only the first block in each; if that fails we search * ``realloc_srchlen'' blocks in each list for a match (the variable * is extern so the caller can modify it). If that fails we just copy * however many bytes was given to realloc() and hope it's not huge. */ #ifndef lint int realloc_srchlen = 4; /* 4 should be plenty, -1 =>'s whole list */ #endif /* lint */ ptr_t realloc(cp, nbytes) ptr_t cp; size_t nbytes; { #ifndef lint register u_int onb; union overhead *op; char *res; register int i; int was_alloced = 0; if (cp == NULL) return (malloc(nbytes)); op = (union overhead *) (((caddr_t) cp) - ALIGN(sizeof(union overhead))); if (op->ov_magic == MAGIC) { was_alloced++; i = op->ov_index; } else /* * Already free, doing "compaction". * * Search for the old block of memory on the free list. First, check the * most common case (last element free'd), then (this failing) the last * ``realloc_srchlen'' items free'd. If all lookups fail, then assume * the size of the memory block being realloc'd is the smallest * possible. */ if ((i = findbucket(op, 1)) < 0 && (i = findbucket(op, realloc_srchlen)) < 0) i = 0; onb = ALIGN(nbytes + ALIGN(sizeof(union overhead)) + RSLOP); /* avoid the copy if same size block */ if (was_alloced && (onb < (1 << (i + 3))) && (onb >= (1 << (i + 2)))) return ((ptr_t) cp); if ((res = malloc(nbytes)) == NULL) return ((ptr_t) 0); if (cp != res) /* common optimization */ bcopy(cp, res, nbytes); if (was_alloced) free(cp); return (res); #else if (cp && nbytes) return ((ptr_t) 0); else return ((ptr_t) 0); #endif /* !lint */ } #ifndef lint /* * Search ``srchlen'' elements of each free list for a block whose * header starts at ``freep''. If srchlen is -1 search the whole list. * Return bucket number, or -1 if not found. */ static int findbucket(freep, srchlen) union overhead *freep; int srchlen; { register union overhead *p; register int i, j; for (i = 0; i < NBUCKETS; i++) { j = 0; for (p = nextf[i]; p && j != srchlen; p = p->ov_next) { if (p == freep) return (i); j++; } } return (-1); } #endif #else /* SYSMALLOC */ /** ** ``Protected versions'' of malloc, realloc, calloc, and free ** ** On many systems: ** ** 1. malloc(0) is bad ** 2. free(0) is bad ** 3. realloc(0, n) is bad ** 4. realloc(n, 0) is bad ** ** Also we call our error routine if we run out of memory. **/ char * Malloc(n) size_t n; { ptr_t ptr; n = n ? n : 1; if ((ptr = malloc(n)) == (ptr_t) 0) { child++; stderror(ERR_NOMEM); } return ((char *) ptr); } char * Realloc(p, n) ptr_t p; size_t n; { ptr_t ptr; n = n ? n : 1; if ((ptr = (p ? realloc(p, n) : malloc(n))) == (ptr_t) 0) { child++; stderror(ERR_NOMEM); } return ((char *) ptr); } char * Calloc(s, n) size_t s, n; { char *sptr; ptr_t ptr; n *= s; n = n ? n : 1; if ((ptr = malloc(n)) == (ptr_t) 0) { child++; stderror(ERR_NOMEM); } sptr = (char *) ptr; if (n != 0) do *sptr++ = 0; while (--n); return ((char *) ptr); } void Free(p) ptr_t p; { if (p) free(p); } #endif /* SYSMALLOC */ /* * mstats - print out statistics about malloc * * Prints two lines of numbers, one showing the length of the free list * for each size category, the second showing the number of mallocs - * frees for each size category. */ void showall() { #ifndef SYSMALLOC register int i, j; register union overhead *p; int totfree = 0, totused = 0; xprintf("csh current memory allocation:\nfree:\t"); for (i = 0; i < NBUCKETS; i++) { for (j = 0, p = nextf[i]; p; p = p->ov_next, j++); xprintf(" %4d", j); totfree += j * (1 << (i + 3)); } xprintf("\nused:\t"); for (i = 0; i < NBUCKETS; i++) { xprintf(" %4d", nmalloc[i]); totused += nmalloc[i] * (1 << (i + 3)); } xprintf("\n\tTotal in use: %d, total free: %d\n", totused, totfree); xprintf("\tAllocated memory from 0x%lx to 0x%lx. Real top at 0x%lx\n", membot, memtop, (char *) sbrk(0)); #else xprintf("Allocated memory from 0x%lx to 0x%lx (%ld).\n", membot, memtop = (char *) sbrk(0), memtop - membot); #endif /* SYSMALLOC */ }