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annotate tradcpp.1 @ 174:09cfad6772de

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Some minor cosmetic changes relating to ei->itemtype.
author David A. Holland
date Fri, 12 Jun 2015 02:21:28 -0400
parents 9f479b52364a
children f7814226906c
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1 .\"
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2 .\" Copyright (c) 2013 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
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3 .\" All rights reserved.
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4 .\"
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5 .\" This code is derived from software contributed to The NetBSD Foundation
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6 .\" by David A. Holland.
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7 .\"
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8 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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9 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
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10 .\" are met:
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11 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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13 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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14 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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15 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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16 .\"
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17 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
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18 .\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
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19 .\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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20 .\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
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21 .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
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22 .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
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23 .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
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24 .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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25 .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
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26 .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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27 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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28 .\"
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29 .Dd June 11, 2013
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30 .Dt TRADCPP 1
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31 .Os
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32 .Sh NAME
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33 .Nm tradcpp
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34 .Nd traditional (K&R-style) C macro preprocessor
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35 .Sh SYNOPSIS
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36 .Nm tradcpp
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37 .Op Fl options
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38 .Op Ar input-file Op Ar output-file
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39 .Sh DESCRIPTION
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40 The
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41 .Nm
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42 command provides a traditional K&R-style C macro preprocessor.
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43 It is intended to be suitable for historical Unix uses of the
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44 preprocessor, such as
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45 .Xr imake 1 ,
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46 particularly those that depend on preservation of whitespace.
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47 .Pp
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48 The chief ways in which traditional cpp differs from
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49 Standard C are:
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50 .Bl -bullet -offset indent
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51 .It
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52 Macro arguments are expanded within quoted strings.
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53 There is no stringize operator.
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54 .It
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55 There is no token pasting operator; tokens can be concatenated by
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56 placing comments between them.
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57 This process is also not limited to valid C language tokens.
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58 .It
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59 Whitespace is preserved, and in particular tabs are not expanded into
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60 spaces.
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61 Furthermore, additional whitespace is not injected.
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62 .El
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63 .Sh OPTIONS
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64 .Nm
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65 has many options, many of which are defined for compatibility with
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66 .Xr gcc 1
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67 or other compilers.
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68 Many of the options are not yet implemented.
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69 .\" The option lists have been sorted in what I hope is a sensible
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70 .\" order. Please don't arbitrarily alphabetize them.
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71 .Ss Common Options
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72 .Bl -tag -width bubblebabble
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73 .It Fl C
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74 Retain comments in output.
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75 .It Fl Dmacro[=expansion]
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76 Provide a definition for the named macro.
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77 If no expansion is provided, the value
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78 .Dq 1
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79 is used.
122
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80 Note that like many Unix compilers,
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81 .Nm
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82 does not accept a space between the
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83 .Dq D
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84 and the macro name.
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85 .It Fl Ipath
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86 Add the specified path to the main list of include directories.
122
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87 Note that like many Unix compilers,
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88 .Nm
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89 does not accept a space between the
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90 .Dq I
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91 and the directory name.
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92 .It Fl nostdinc
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93 Do not search the standard system include directories.
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94 .It Fl P
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95 Suppress line number information in the output.
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96 Currently line number information is not generated at all and this
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97 option has no effect.
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98 .It Fl Umacro
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99 Remove any existing defintion for the named macro.
122
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100 Note that like many Unix compilers,
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101 .Nm
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102 does not accept a space between the
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103 .Dq U
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104 and the macro name.
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105 .It Fl undef
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106 Remove all predefined macros.
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107 .El
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108 .Ss Warning Options
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109 Warning options can be disabled or enabled by inserting, or not, the
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110 string
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111 .Dq no-
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112 between the
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113 .Dq W
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114 and the warning name.
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115 Herein the
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116 .Dq Fl Wno-
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117 form is shown for options that are enabled by default.
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118 .Bl -tag -width bubblebabble
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119 .It Fl Wall
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120 Turn on all warnings.
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121 The option
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122 .Fl Wno-all
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123 disables only the warnings that are disabled by default.
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124 .It Fl w
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125 Turn off all warnings.
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126 .It Fl Werror
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127 Make warnings into fatal errors.
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128 .It Fl Wcomment
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129 Warn about nested comments.
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130 .It Fl Wno-endif-labels
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131 Don't warn about symbols attached to #endif directives.
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132 (The warning is currently not implemented.)
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133 .It Fl Wundef
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134 Warn about undefined symbols appearing in #if and #elif expressions.
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135 .It Fl Wunused-macros
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136 Warn about macros that are defined and never used.
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137 Not implemented.
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138 .El
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139 .Ss Depend Options
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140 .Bl -tag -width bubblebabble
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141 .It Fl M
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142 Generate dependency information for
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143 .Xr make 1
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144 on the standard output, instead of preprocessing.
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145 Not implemented.
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146 .It Fl MD
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147 Like
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148 .Fl M
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149 but skip system headers.
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150 Not implemented.
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151 .It Fl MM
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152 Like
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153 .Fl M
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154 but write the dependency information to a file named after the input
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155 file with extension
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156 .Pa \.d
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157 and preprocess normally to standard output.
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158 Not implemented.
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159 .It Fl MMD
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160 Like
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161 .Fl MM
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162 but skip system headers.
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163 Not implemented.
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164 .It Fl MF Ar file
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165 Send dependency output to the named file instead of the default
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166 location.
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167 Not implemented.
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168 .It Fl MG
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169 When generating dependency information, assume that missing files are
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170 generated instead of failing.
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171 Not implemented.
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172 .It Fl MP
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173 Issue dummy rules for all include files.
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174 This prevents
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175 .Xr make 1
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176 from choking if an include file is removed.
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177 Not implemented.
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178 .It Fl MQ Ar target
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179 Same as
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180 .Fl MT
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181 except that any
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182 .Xr make 1
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183 metacharacters appearing in the target are escaped.
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184 .It Fl MT Ar target
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185 Set the name of the
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186 .Xr make 1
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187 target appearing in the generated dependency information.
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188 The default is the name of the input file with its suffix replaced
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189 with the suffix for object files, normally
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190 .Pa .o .
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191 .\" If this option is given more than once, all named targets will
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192 .\" be emitted.
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193 .\" (The current operating mode framework doesn't support that.)
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194 .El
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195 .Ss More Include Path Options
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196 .Bl -tag -width bubblebabble
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197 .It Fl idirafter Ar path
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198 Add the specified path to the
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199 .Dq afterwards
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200 include path.
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201 This path is searched after all directories specified with
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202 .Fl I
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203 and the standard system directories.
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204 Directories on this path are treated as containing system include
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205 files.
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206 .It Fl imacros Ar file
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207 Read in
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208 .Ar file
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209 prior to reading the main input file, and preprocess it, but throw
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210 away the output and retain only the macro definitions.
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211 .It Fl include Ar file
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212 Read in and preprocess
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213 .Ar file
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214 prior to reading the main input file.
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215 .It Fl iprefix Ar prefix
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216 Set the path prefix used with the
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217 .Fl iwithprefix
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218 option.
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219 .It Fl iquote Ar path
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220 Add
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221 .Ar path
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222 to the list of directories searched for include directives written
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223 with quotes.
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224 This list is not searched for include directives written with angle
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225 brackets.
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226 .It Fl iremap Ar string:replacement
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227 Substitute
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228 .Ar replacement
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229 for
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230 .Ar string
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231 in the
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232 .Dv __FILE__
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233 built-in macro.
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234 Not supported.
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235 .It Fl isysroot Ar path
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236 Use
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237 .Ar path
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238 as the
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239 .Dq system root ,
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240 that is, the directory under which the standard system paths are found.
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241 .It Fl isystem Ar path
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242 Add
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243 .Ar path
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244 to the list of system include directories.
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245 This list is searched after the list given with
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246 .Ar I .
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247 Files found on this path are treated as system headers.
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248 .It Fl iwithprefix Ar dir
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249 Splice
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250 .Ar dir
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251 onto the prefix given with
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252 .Fl iprefix
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253 and add this directory as if it were specified with
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254 .Fl idirafter .
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255 .It Fl iwithprefixbefore
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256 Like
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257 -Fl iwithprefix
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258 but adds the result as if it were specified with
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259 .Fl I .
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260 .El
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261 .Ss Diagnostic Options
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262 .Bl -tag -width bubblebabble
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263 .It Fl dD
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264 Dump all macro definitions, except for the predefined macros, after
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265 the normal preprocessing output.
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266 Not implemented.
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267 .It Fl dI
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268 Dump all include directives along with the normal preprocessing
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269 output.
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270 Not implemented.
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271 .It Fl dM
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272 Dump all macro definitions instead of the normal preprocessing
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273 output.
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274 Not implemented.
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275 .It Fl dN
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276 Like
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277 .Fl dD
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278 but emits only macro names and not the expansions.
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279 Not implemented.
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280 .It Fl H
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281 Output a trace of the include tree as it gets processed.
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282 Not implemented.
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283 .El
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284 .Ss Other Options
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285 .Bl -tag -width bubblebabble
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286 .It Fl CC
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287 Retain comments in output.
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288 Same as
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289 .Fl C ,
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290 accepted for compatibility with
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291 .Xr gcc 1 .
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292 .It Fl fdollars-in-identifiers , Fl fno-dollars-in-identifiers
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293 Enable
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294 .Pq or disable, respectively
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295 the use of the dollar sign in identifiers.
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296 Not implemented.
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297 .It Fl ftabstop=num
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298 Set the tab width to the specified value, for reporting column
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299 positions in diagnostics.
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300 The default is 8.
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301 Not implemented.
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302 .It Fl std=standard
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303 Ask
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304 .Nm
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305 to conform to the named standard.
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306 The default, and the only supported value, is
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307 .Dq krc .
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308 .It Fl traditional
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309 This option is accepted for compatibility with
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310 .Xr gcc 1
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311 and ignored.
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312 .It Fl x Ar lang
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313 Adjust the preprocessor for the given language.
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314 The only values accepted for
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315 .Ar lang
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316 are
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317 .Dq assembler-with-cpp
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318 and
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319 .Dq c ,
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320 neither of which have any effect on the behavior of
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321 .Nm .
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322 .El
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323 .Sh FILES
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324 The default list of directories searched for include files is:
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325 .Bl -item -offset indent -compact
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326 .It
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327 .Pa /usr/local/include
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328 .It
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329 .Pa /usr/include
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330 .El
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331 .Sh SEE ALSO
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332 .Xr cc 1 ,
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333 .Xr cpp 1 ,
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334 .Xr make 1
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335 .Sh STANDARDS
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336 None.
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337 The whole point of a traditional cpp is that it reflects practices
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338 in pre-standardization implementations of C.
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339 Some information is available from the first edition of Kernighan and
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340 Ritchie.
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341 Much of the rest of the behavior is based on lore, pragmatism,
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342 material encountered in the wild, and comparison to other
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343 implementations.
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344 .Sh HISTORY
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345 The original version of
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346 .Nm
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347 was written one evening in late 2010.
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348 This version had some problems and was put aside.
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349 The first working version was released in June 2013.
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350 .\" .Sh AUTHORS
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351 .\" .An David A. Holland
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352 .Sh BUGS
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353 Probably plenty.