AnaGram interim repo (temporary): doc/misc/html/oldclasslib/charsink.html annotate

annotate doc/misc/html/oldclasslib/charsink.html @ 19:db7ff952e01e

both mansupps seem to be html

author	David A. Holland
date	Tue, 31 May 2022 02:06:45 -0400
parents	13d2b8934445
children

rev	line source
0 13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	1 <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//EN">
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	2 <HTML>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	3 <HEAD>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	4 <TITLE>Character Sink Class Definitions</TITLE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	5 </HEAD>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	6
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	7
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	8 <BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff" BACKGROUND="tilbl6h.gif"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	9 TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0033CC"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	10 VLINK="#CC0033" ALINK="#CC0099">
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	11
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	12 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	13 <IMG ALIGN="right" SRC="../images/agrsl6c.gif" ALT="AnaGram"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	14 WIDTH=124 HEIGHT=30 >
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	15 <BR CLEAR="all">
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	16 Back to :
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	17 <A HREF="../index.html">Index</A> \|
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	18 <A HREF="index.html">Class libraries for examples</A>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	19 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	20
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	21
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	22 <IMG ALIGN="bottom" SRC="../images/rbline6j.gif" ALT="----------------------"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	23 WIDTH=1010 HEIGHT=2 >
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	24 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	25
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	26 <H1>Character Sink Class Definitions</H1>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	27 <IMG ALIGN="bottom" SRC="../images/rbline6j.gif" ALT="----------------------"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	28 WIDTH=1010 HEIGHT=2 >
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	29 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	30 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	31 <H2>Introduction</H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	32
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	33 A character_sink is an abstract class, from which are derived
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	34 two useful classes, an output_file class and a
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	35 string_accumulator class. The basic idea of a character sink
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	36 is that it can be used as the generic output device for a
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	37 process that generates characters. Other character_sink
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	38 classes can easily be imagined, in particular, parsers that
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	39 take character input.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	40 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	41 Because character_sink is an abstract class, you cannot
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	42 declare a character_sink. You may however declare a pointer
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	43 to a character sink:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	44 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	45 character_sink *sink;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	46 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	47 Character sinks overload the "<<" operator for int, (char *)
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	48 and (unsigned char *) operands and return a reference to the
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	49 sink so that multiple operations are possible. For example:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	50 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	51 *sink << 'c' << "xyz";
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	52 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	53 The important aspect of a character sink is that a stream of
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	54 characters can be easily switched from one destination to
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	55 another.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	56 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	57 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	58
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	59 <H2> The output_file Class </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	60 The output_file class is derived from the character sink
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	61 class. There are two initializers: one with no arguments,
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	62 which simply sends characters on to stdout; and one which
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	63 takes a file name as an argument. If the file can be opened,
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	64 characters are sent to the file, otherwise, they go to
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	65 stdout. For example:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	66 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	67 output_file out; //sinks characters to stdout
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	68 output_file out("foo.bar"); //sinks characters to foo.bar
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	69 output_file out(NULL); //sinks characters to stdout
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	70
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	71 out << "Hello, world" << '!';
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	72
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	73 character_sink *sink = &out; // sink points to an output_file
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	74 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	75 Note, that unlike normal C++ stream I/O, there is no binary
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	76 to ascii conversion involved.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	77 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	78 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	79
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	80 <H2> The string_accumulator Class </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	81
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	82 The string_accumulator is derived from the character sink
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	83 class, so you may use it as a destination for any character
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	84 stream. Rather than pass characters on, however, a
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	85 string_accumulator saves them up for later use. A
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	86 string_accumulator works like a push down stack. Each level
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	87 of the stack consists of a string. When you add characters to
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	88 a string_accumulator they are appended to the topmost string
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	89 on the stack.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	90
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	91 Operators are provided for the following functions:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	92 <UL>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	93 <LI> increment the stack level, thus starting a new string </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	94 <LI> decrement the stack level, thus discarding the top string </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	95 <LI> append a character or string to the top string </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	96 <LI> remove the last character from the top string on the stack </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	97 <LI> inspect or change characters on the stack. </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	98 <LI> obtain a pointer to the top string on the stack </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	99 <LI> concatenate the top strings on the stack </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	100 <LI> obtain a permanent copy of the top string on the stack </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	101 <LI> find the length of a string </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	102 <LI> reset the string accumulator </LI>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	103 </UL>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	104 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	105 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	106
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	107 <H2> Declaring a string_accumulator </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	108
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	109 To declare a string_accumulator, you must specify the amount
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	110 of storage to be reserved for string storage. If you wish you
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	111 may also specify the maximum number of levels. If you do not
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	112 specify the number of levels you will get just one level. For
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	113 example:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	114 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	115 string_accumulator sa(1000, 20);
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	116 string_accumulator lsa(100);
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	117 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	118 provides for 1000 characters and 20 levels in sa but just 100
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	119 characters in a single level in lsa.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	120 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	121 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	122
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	123 <H2> Changing Levels </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	124
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	125 The "++" operator has been overloaded to increment the stack
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	126 level. You may pre-increment the level to begin accumulating a
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	127 nested string of characters. For example:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	128 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	129 ++sa;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	130 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	131 To discard the top string on the stack, use the pre-decrement
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	132 operator "--":
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	133 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	134 --sa;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	135 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	136 The pre-increment and pre-decrement operators return a
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	137 reference to the string_accumulator so that you may combine
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	138 operations in a single expression:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	139 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	140 ++sa << "Hello, world!";
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	141 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	142 If you store characters on a stack without incrementing the
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	143 level, they are appended to the string at the current level.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	144 In particular, if you declare a string_accumulator with only
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	145 a single level, you need never increment or decrement it. You
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	146 may, however, wish to use the reset operator.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	147 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	148 Post-increment and post-decrement operators are also defined
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	149 for convenience in use. Instead of returning a reference to
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	150 the string_accumulator, however, they simply return a copy of
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	151 the control structure (in its pre-decrement or
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	152 pre-increment state) which allows read-only access to the
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	153 content of the string_accumulator. This can nevertheless be
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	154 quite useful:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	155 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	156 char *top_string = copy(sa--);
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	157 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	158 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	159 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	160
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	161 <H2> Appending Characters to a String </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	162
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	163 To append characters you may use the overloaded "<<"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	164 operator, which also returns a reference to the string
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	165 accumulator so you may combine operations:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	166 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	167 sa << "Hello, world" << '!';
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	168 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	169 To start a new string and append characters use the
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	170 pre-increment operator as well:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	171 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	172 ++sa << "Hello, world" << '!';
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	173 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	174 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	175 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	176
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	177 <H2> Removing Characters from a String </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	178
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	179 To pop off the last character on the top string:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	180 <PFRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	181 int c;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	182 sa << c;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	183 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	184 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	185 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	186
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	187 <H2> Accessing the Content of a String </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	188
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	189 To inspect or change the k'th character from the top of the
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	190 stack:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	191 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	192 int c = sa[k];
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	193 sa[k] = '!';
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	194 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	195 If k is zero you get the last character on topmost string
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	196 in the string_accumulator.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	197 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	198 To get a pointer to the top string on the stack, use the
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	199 (char *) cast operator:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	200 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	201 char *p;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	202 p = (char *) sa;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	203 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	204 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	205
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	206 <H2> Concatenating Strings </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	207
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	208 To concatenate the top two strings on the stack, use
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	209 concat():
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	210 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	211 concat(sa);
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	212 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	213 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	214
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	215 <H2> Making a Permanent Copy of a String </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	216
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	217 To make a copy of the top string on the stack, use copy():
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	218 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	219 char *p = copy(sa);
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	220 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	221 Note that copy differs greatly from (char *), in that copy
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	222 allocates storage for a new copy of the string. When you are
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	223 done with it you should delete it:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	224 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	225 delete [] p;
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	226 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	227 Note that copy() does not remove the string from the stack.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	228 Use "--" to discard the string from the stack.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	229 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	230 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	231
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	232 <H2> Finding the Length of a String </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	233
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	234 To find the length of the top string on the stack, use
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	235 size():
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	236 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	237 unsigned n = size(sa);
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	238 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	239 Like strlen, size does not count the terminating null
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	240 character.
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	241 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	242 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	243
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	244 <H2> Resetting a string_accumulator </H2>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	245
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	246 The overloaded function reset() may be applied to a
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	247 string_accumulator to reset it to its initial state:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	248 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	249 reset(sa);
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	250 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	251 reset returns a reference to the string accumulator so that
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	252 you may reset it and append text in a single statement:
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	253 <PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	254 reset(sa) << "Hello, world!";
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	255 </PRE>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	256 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	257 <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	258
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	259
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	260 <IMG ALIGN="bottom" SRC="../images/rbline6j.gif" ALT="----------------------"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	261 WIDTH=1010 HEIGHT=2 >
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	262 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	263 <IMG ALIGN="right" SRC="../images/pslrb6d.gif" ALT="Parsifal Software"
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	264 WIDTH=181 HEIGHT=25>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	265 <BR CLEAR="right">
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	266
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	267 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	268 Back to :
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	269 <A HREF="../index.html">Index</A> \|
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	270 <A HREF="index.html">Class libraries for examples</A>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	271
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	272 <P>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	273 <ADDRESS><FONT SIZE="-1">
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	274 AnaGram parser generator - examples<BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	275 Class libraries - Character sink class definitions<BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	276 Copyright © 1993-1999, Parsifal Software. <BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	277 All Rights Reserved.<BR>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	278 </FONT></ADDRESS>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	279
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	280 </BODY>
13d2b8934445 Import AnaGram (near-)release tree into Mercurial. David A. Holland parents: diff changeset	281 </HTML>

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